CPS Documentation
The primary documentation for the various CEPR data extracts are the programs themselves. They provide an exact description of the definition of each of the variables and, in most cases, are heavily annotated.
For the wage data in the CEPR ORG extracts and the other CEPR CPS extracts that have been merged with the CPS ORG, we recommend that you take a look at: "Creating a consistent hourly wage series from the Current Population Survey's Outgoing Rotation Group, 1979-2002," a CEPR Working Paper from August 2003.
The Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) have produced a great deal of useful documentation about the CPS. The best place to start is the joint Census-BLS CPS home page.
The National Bureau of Economic Research makes most of the original CPS documentation available on their web page, including the Basic CPS, the ORG, and most of the periodic supplements to the CPS.